Manufacture of combined steel ingots and plates.



C. T. TORSELLL MANUFACTURE OP COMBINED STEEL INGOTS AND PLATES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1910. @8797?4. Patented Mar. 28, 1911.

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Patented Mar. 28, 19M..

Application filed May 25, 1310. Serial No. 563,246.

To aZZ 'whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CARnfT. 'I RsELL, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing` at lVarren, in theV county of Trumbull and 'State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Manufacture of vCombined Steel Ingots and Plates, of which improvement the following is a specification. My invention relates to the manufacture of what are known as combined steel lates, viz., steel plates having layers of di er'ent hardness due to the differentv carbon content thereof, or other elements, asfor in# stance, a layer of high carbon or hard steel on the outer side and a central layer of low carbon or soft steelor iron, so as to render the composite plate not only hard but also tough. In the manufacture of this type of plate where the hard 'steel entirely surrounds the soft, as in theusual practice, it is impossible to prevent or avoid the making of veryv considerable waste, frequently from ten to fifteen per cent. of the entire plate, due tothe fact that the hard steel overlaps the soft and after rolling necessitates the cutting ofl" the sides of the plates in order to expose the soft central layer thereof.

'Ihe principal object of this present invention is to prevent this waste, or atleast to reduce it to a possible minimum, and I accomplish this object by the' following method of manufacture.

In the practice of my invention I preferably form an ingot as follows: I place the central soft layer in a mold of suitable construction in such positionin said mold that the hard molten metal when poured therearound completely surrounds the same, eX- cepting at that part of the ingot where a portion of the soft central layer is exposed at both sides, as illustrated in Fig. I of the' accompanying drawings. I also preferably in the practice of my invention proportion the exposed portion of the soft central portion of the ingot relative to the unexposed portion thereof. While I do not limit or confine myself to the exactV proportions, good eliiciency can beobtained by making the eX- posed portion of the soft central portion of the ingot about One-third the thickness thereof, and about equal to each of the engaging portions ofthe outer layers orhard portions ofthe ingotas will be noticed in said ligure. v

In the accompanying drawings I have shown my invention in its various sta "es, first as an ingot and subsequently reduced to a plate, and the rolls employed in performing the operation.

In said drawings Figure 1 is a transverse section of the ingot. Fig.` 2 is a View of the plate, partly in section; and, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the ingot being subject to one pass of the roll; Fig. t is a similar view, the ingot being turned edgewise with relation to its component layers; Fig. 5 is a transverse section of a five layer ingot suitable for the production of safe plates, etc. Fig. 6 is a perspective Vview of the ingot when formed. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the same. v v

Referring to the drawings, l, 2, are outer layers of hard steel; 3 is a central soft layer, the said layer 3 having grooves 4, and projections 5, along the sides thereof, in which the hook-like portions 6, 7, of the layers l and 2 engage, itbeing understood that the said outer layers are poured around the Acentral layer and that the molten metal flows into the recesses specified and over the projections constituting an-integral ingot, composed of three layers.- YThe hook portions of the outer layers and recesses of the central layer forming mechanical means fo securing the layers together.

Another essential feature of the invention is that the exposed portions 8, of the cent-ral layer should project out on a line with the outer edge -of the `two remaining layers which surrounds it. It is also understood that the ingot whenvcast is subsequently heated and brought to a suitable temperature to enable the same to be thoroughly welded or reduced either by rolls or other compression.

In the drawings I have shown that the ingot when heated is vpassed through the rolls 9, 9, sidewise and the edgewise portion of the rollI on the second pass. I have merely mentioned these passes as illustrative, as it is manifest that one or more passes vsidewise may be made before any edgewise pass 1s performed, or vice versa.

I have not shown a mold in connection' with the production of my improved ingot, as any Vsuitable mold may be employed 1n which the central soft layer can be sup,

ported above the bottom of the mold in such wise asto permit theA molten hard metal to be poured completely around the same as shown inFig. l. Nor have I shown any heating furnace, as any suitable furnace for heating the ingot may be employed.

I have demonstrated by practice that the ingot produced as described can be rolled down to a plate 10, or slab, with a minimum of Waste along the sides, and a uniformity of reduction in the layers thereof, so as to produce a plate having three distinct layers of substantially uniform thickness through the .entire Width, and completely and thoroughly Welded together.

Having describedmy invention, What I 'claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent l. The herein described method of .casting an ingot formed of several layers, which consists in forming recesses along the edges of the intermediate layers and casting the molten metal constituting the outer or surrounding portion of the invot therearound, With the mid portion of the edges of the intermediate layers exposed, and with the top and bottom thereof completely surrounded, whereby the said layers are so united that the admission of air is prevented between the surfaces of said layers.

2. The herein described method of casting an ingot, comprising several layers, which consists in forming recesses along the entire edges of the central layer and casting the molten kmetal constituting the outer or surrounding portion of the ingot around said central layer, the molten metal flowing into said recesses and completely over the top and bottom of the cent-ral layer, whereby the several layers constituting the ingot are so united that the admission of air between the surfaces of the said layers is prevented.

A combined steel ingot having the central portion of the side of the central layer exposed, and the outer layers overlapping the edges of the central layer and completely surrounding the top and bottom of said central layer.

4f. A combined steel ingot comprising several layers, the intermediate layer having the central portion of the sides thereof eX posed, and the top and bottom thereof completely surrounded by the overlapping outer layers.

ln testimony whereof, l have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL T., TORSELL.

In the presence of- JOHN il. RONEY, CLARENCE A. WILLIAMS. 

